Actaea (plant)
Actaea, commonly called baneberry or bugbane, is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Ranunculaceae, native to subtropical, temperate and subartic regions of the Europe, Asia and North America, but the majority is endemic to parts of North America.
The genus is closely related to Cimicifuga and Souliea, and many botanists include those genera within Actaea (e.g., Compton et al. 1998, Compton & Culham 2002, Gao et al. 2006, RHS Plant Finder, 2007) based on combined evidence from DNA sequence data, similarity in biochemical constituents and on morphology; if included, the number of species in Actaea rises to 25-30. Other botanists (e.g., Hoffman 1999, Wang et al. 1999, Lee & Park 2004) reject this merger because only one group (Actaea) have fleshy fruit while the remainder have dry fruit. The genus is treated here in its broader sense.
- Selected species
- Actaea arizonica – Arizona bugbane
- Actaea asiatica
- Actaea elata
- Actaea pachypoda – white baneberry, white cohosh, doll's eyes
- Actaea podocarpa
- Actaea racemosa – black cohosh, black bugbane
- Actaea rubra (syn. Actaea erythrocarpa) – red baneberry
- Actaea spicata (syn. Actaea alba) – baneberry, herb christopher
The name Actaea alba (L.) Mill. is a confused one (Fernald 1940); although described as an American species (now named A. pachypoda), the illustration on which the description was based was actually a picture of the European A. spicata, and strictly, the name is therefore a synonym of the European species. Some texts, however, still treat A. pachypoda under this name.
Contents
[hide]- 1Use and toxicity
- 2References
- 2.1Notes
- 2.2Sources
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