الأحد، 1 يناير 2017

The present perfect

The present perfect

The present perfect simple expresses an action that is still going on or that stopped recently, but has an influence on the present.  It puts emphasis on the result.
Form of Present Perfect


Positive
Negative
Question
I / you / we / they
I have spoken.
I have not spoken.
Have I spoken?
he / she / it
He has spoken.
He has not spoken.
Has he spoken?


 
For irregular verbs, use the participle form (see   list of irregular verbs  , 3rd column). For regular verbs, just add   “  ed  ”  .
Exceptions in Spelling when Adding  ‘ ed ’

Exceptions in spelling when adding ed
Example
after a final e only add d
love – loved
final consonant after a short, stressed vowel
or l as final consonant after a vowel is doubled
admit – admitted
travel – travelled
final y after a consonant becomes i
hurry – hurried


 
Use of Present Perfect
§    puts emphasis on the result
Example: She has written five letters.
§    action that is still going on
Example: School has not started yet.
§    action that stopped recently
Example: She has cooked dinner.
§    finished action that has an influence on the present
Example: I have lost my key.
§    action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking
Example: I have never been to Australia.
Signal Words of Present Perfect
§    already, ever, just, never, not yet, so far, till now, up to now
Exercise on Present Perfect Simple



have or has
Fill the gaps with 'have' or 'has'.
1.     I  answered the question.
2.     She  opened the window.
3.     They  called us.
4.     You  carried a box.
5.     It  rained a lot.
6.     We  washed the car.
7.     He  closed the window.
8.     Jenny  locked the door.
9.     The girls       visited the museum.
10. John and Sophie       helped in the garden.

Exercise on Present Perfect Simple

Positive Sentences in Present Perfect Simple

Write positive sentences in present perfect simple
The following people have just completed an action.
1.     Bob / visit / his grandma     
2.     Jimmy / play / on the computer     
3.     Sue and Walter / wash / their car    
4.     Andrew / repair / his bike    
5.     Phil / help / Anne with maths    
6.     Brad and Louise / watch / a film    
7.     Tamara / talk to / her best friend    
8.     Bridgette / draw / a picture     
9.     Carol / read / a computer magazine    
10. Tom and Alice / be / to a restaurant    
Exercise on Present Perfect Simple
Negative Sentences in Present Perfect Simple
Write negative sentences in present perfect simple.
The weather was wonderful today. So the children were in the park all afternoon and have not done their household chores:
1.     Sarah / not / wash the dishes    
2.     Anita / not / clean the kitchen    
3.     Maureen and Gavin / not / water the plants    
4.     Joey / not / make his bed     
5.     David / not / buy milk     
6.     Lisa / not / be to the baker's    
7.     Aran and Jack / not / do their homework    
8.     Jane and Ben / not / tidy up their rooms    
9.     Alex / not / feed the hamster    
10. Hazel / not / empty the bin    

Exercise on Present Perfect Simple

Sentences with 'never' in Present Perfect Simple

Write sentences in present perfect simple. Place 'never' before the main verb.
In a contest, people get the chance to do something they've never done before. This is what the participants told the jury:
1.     Fergal / never / sail / on the Pacific.    
2.     Rebecca / never / stay / at a five-star hotel    
3.     Jason / never / watch / a world-cup final    
4.     Rachel and Gareth / never / climb / Mount Kilimanjaro    
5.     Elaine / never / see / a whale    
6.     Ruth / never / spend / her holiday in Mexico    
7.     Connor / never / be / to Canada    
8.     Lisa and Holly / never / cycle / around England    
9.     Barry / never / drive / a Ferrari    
10. Clare / never / meet / Mickey Mouse
Exercise on Present Perfect Simple
Questions in Present Perfect Simple
Write questions in present perfect simple.
1.     you / answer / the question    
2.     Jenny / lock / the door    
3.     Walter / call / us     
4.     you / see / the picture    
5.     your parents / get / the letter    
6.     it / rain / a lot     
7.     how often / we / sing / the song    
8.     Maureen / watch / the film    
9.     how many books / Bob / read    
10. ever / you / be / to London    

Exercise on Present Perfect Simple

Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect simple).
1.     I   (not / work)      today.
2.     We   (buy)        a new lamp.
3.     We   (not / plan)         our holiday yet.
4.     Where   (be / you)     ?
5.     He   (write)      five letters.
6.     She   (not / see)         him for a long time.
7.     (be / you)       at school?
8.     School   (not / start)       yet.
9.     (speak / he)         to his boss?
10. No, he   (have / not)         the time yet
Exercise on Present Perfect Simple

Questions with Interrogative Particles in Present Perfect Simple

Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence.
1.     I have been  in the garden. -   
2.     My sister     has cooked dinner.    
3.     Sue has read the book   twice. -    
4.     My computer     has crashed. -  
5.     Jeane has been on holiday  for eight days.    
6.     Fred has done  his homework.    
7.     Gavin has stopped   at the corner.    
8.     Sarah has bought   five  books. -    
9.     Jason has talked to   his teacher.    
10. Catherine has cleaned the house  because she is having a party tonight.  

Loch Ness

Loch Ness is a lake between the Scottish towns of Inverness and Fort Augustus. The word   loch    is Scottish for    lake  . Loch Ness is about 37 km long and extremely deep, the deepest part is 226 m.
Loch Ness is famous for its friendly monster, Nessie. Most people think that this is only a legend, but every year tourists from all over the world come to Loch Ness and hope that they will see the monster.




Grammar Exercise on the Text
Present Perfect Simple
We use the present perfect to express what has (not) happened so far. (Note that no time in the past must be given – otherwise you have to use simple past.)
Write the verbs in present perfect simple.
1.      Tourists from all over the world   (be)          to Loch Ness.
2.      Most of them    (see / not)          Nessie, however.
3.      Only very few people say that the Loch Ness Monster   (appear)         in front of them.
4.      Even scientists    (come)          to Loch Ness to find the monster.
5.      And the boss of the Guinness brewery    (promise)         to pay 500,000 Pounds to the person who catches Nessie.








Exercise on Present Perfect Simple

have or has

Fill the gaps with 'have' or 'has'.
1.      I    have     answered the question.
2.      She    has     opened the window.
3.      They    have     called us.
4.      You    have     carried a box.
5.      It    has     rained a lot.
6.      We    have     washed the car.
7.      He    has     closed the window.
8.      Jenny    has     locked the door.
9.      The girls    have     visited the museum.
10. John and Sophie    have     helped in the garden.
Great, all answers are correct!

Exercise on Present Perfect Simple

Positive Sentences in Present Perfect Simple
Write positive sentences in present perfect simple
The following people have just completed an action.
1.      Bob / visit / his grandma       
2.      Jimmy / play / on the computer        
3.      Sue and Walter / wash / their car        
4.      Andrew / repair / his bike       
5.      Phil / help / Anne with maths        
6.      Brad and Louise / watch / a film        
7.      Tamara / talk to / her best friend        
8.      Bridgette / draw / a picture       
9.      Carol / read / a computer magazine       
10. Tom and Alice / be / to a restaurant     
Exercise on Present Perfect Simple

Negative Sentences in Present Perfect Simple

Write negative sentences in present perfect simple.
The weather was wonderful today. So the children were in the park all afternoon and have not done their household chores:
4.      Joey has not made his bed.  
5.      David has not bought milk.  

Exercise on Present Perfect Simple

Sentences with 'never' in Present Perfect Simple
Write sentences in present perfect simple. Place 'never' before the main verb.
In a contest, people get the chance to do something they've never done before. This is what the participants told the jury:
Exercise on Present Perfect Simple

Questions in Present Perfect Simple

Write questions in present perfect simple.
1.      Have you answered the question?
2.      Has Jenny locked the door?
3.      Has Walter called us?
4.      Have you seen the picture?
5.      Have your parents got the letter?
6.      Has it rained a lot?
8.      Has Maureen watched the film?
9.      How many books has Bob read?  
10. Have you ever been to London?

Exercise on Present Perfect Simple

Put the verbs into the correct form (present perfect simple).
1.      I    have not worked     today.
2.      We    have bought     a new lamp.
3.      We   have not planned   our holiday yet.
4.      Where    have you been     ?
5.      He    has written     five letters.
6.      She    hasn't seen     him for a long time.
7.      Have you been    at school?
8.      School    hasn't started     yet.
9.      Has he spoken    to his boss?
10. No, he    hasn't had     the time yet.
Exercise on Present Perfect Simple
Questions with Interrogative Particles in Present Perfect Simple
Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence.
1.      I have been   in the garden. -    Where have you been?
2.      My sister    has cooked dinner.    Who has cooked dinner?
3.      Sue has read the book    twice. -   How often has Sue read the book?
4.      My computer    has crashed. -   What has crashed?
5.      Jeane has been on holiday   for eight days.    How long has Jeane been on holiday?
6.      Fred has done   his homework.    What has Fred done?
7.      Gavin has stopped   at the corner.    Where has Gavin stopped?
8.      Sarah has bought   five  books. -    How many books has Sarah bought?
9.      Jason has talked to   his teacher.    To whom has Jason talked?
10. Catherine has cleaned the house   because she is having a party tonight.    Why has Catherine cleaned the house?
Grammar Exercise on the Text
Present Perfect Simple

Write the verbs in present perfect simple.
1.      Tourists from all over the world   have been  to Loch Ness.
2.      Most of them   haven't seen   Nessie, however.
3.      Only very few people say that the Loch Ness Monster   has appeared   in front of them.
4.      Even scientists   have come   to Loch Ness to find the monster.
5.      And the boss of the Guinness brewery   has promised   to 
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دروس ونشاطات مادة اللغة الانجليزية السنة الرابعة متوسط

LESSON WORDS AND SOUNDS



File One                         


Aims: _ Pronunciation rules for final “ed”.
_ Silent letters.
_ Long and short vowels: /i/ , /i:/ & /e/.
X – Pronunciation rules for final “ ed “                                                     LISTEN     (1)                     
    
a) If the verb itself ends in – t or – d - the final “ ed “ is pronounced /id /.
Eg: benefited _ “ ed “ is pronounced / id /.   
Wanted _ “ ed “ is pronounced / id /.
Divided _ “ ed “ is pronounced /id /.
b) If a verb ends in a voiceless consonant /p/ , /k/ , /s / , /f/ , /Y/ , / tY/ or / _ / the
final
“ed” is pronounced /t /.
Eg : clap _ clapped _ “ed “ is pronounced /t/.                        listen  (2)
Kiss _ kissed _ “ed “ is pronounced /t/                                   .
Finish _ finished _ “ed” is pronounced /t/.
Knock _ knocked _ “ed “ is pronounced /t/
c) If a verb ends in a voiced consonant / b/ , /g/ , /l / , / z / , /v / , / d ʒ / , /ð / ,
/m / , / n /
or / [ / or a vowel sound , the final “ ed “ is pronounced / d/.
eg : lived _ “ ed “ is pronounced / d/.                                    listen (3)
listened _ “ ed “ is pronounced / d /.
Clothed _ “ ed “ is pronounced / d /.
Travelled _ “ ed “ is pronounced / d /.
Changed _ “ ed “ is pronounced / d/.
Hurried _ “ ed “ is pronounced / d /.
Activity : Classify these words according to their final sounds :
Influenced – prevented – changed – housed – clothed – proved – helped –
created –hurried – carried – liked –talked – recorded – called – passed – joined danced –stayed – performed – completed – promoted – obeyed – rushed –
experienced –studied – wanted – handed –devoted – refused – asked –decided –
painted – puzzled –tried – toured – acted –looked – practised –noticed – worked

            /t/                                         
         /d/
                /id/



__ – Silent letters :
– “B” is silent in the combination “ mb “ at the end of the word.               listen (4)
Eg : Lam b - comb - bomb – plumb er.
2)- “ G “ is silent in “ gm “ at the end of a word.
Eg : diaphrag m - paradig m.
3)” G “ is also silent in “ gn “ at the beginning or end of a word.
Eg : desig n – sig n – g nash – g nat .
4) “ k “ is silent in “ kn “ at the beginning of a word.
Eg : k nock - k nee - k nife - k now - k nowledge .
5) “ L “ is often silent before “ d “ , “ f “ , “ k “ and “ m “ at the end of a word.
Eg : coul d –hal f - wal k – cal m .
6) “ N “ is silent in the combination “ mn “ at the end of each word.
Eg : Autumn - damn – column .
7)- “ W “ is silent in the combination who at the beginning of each word.
Eg : W ho - w hom - w hole .
8) – “ W “ is also silent in “ wr “ at the beginning of each word.
Eg : W rite - w rong.
9) – “ GH “ is silent in the combination of these words.
Eg : Although - daugh ter - nigh t - weigh t - heigh t - through – high
Activity : Cross or underline the silent letters in the following words:
Limb – whoever – dumb – naughty – behalf – talk – known – tighten – plumber –
Wreak – neighbour – chalk – should –wrinkle – thumb – resign – consign – knot –
hymn – solemn – whose – straight – writing – calf – campaign - height – light – sight.
___ . Long&short vowels : / i / , / i: / and / e /
Activity one :
a ) Complete the phonetic transcription of the words below with the sound :
/ i / as in bit or / i: / as in cheese .
Activity two :listen thenComplete the phonetic transcription of the words with the sounds with/ i / or / e /.

You see / write
 You say  (5)
-lettuce
-lipid
-liquid
-lemon
/ l. t. s /
/ l. p. d /
/ l .kw. d /
/ l. m_ n /

Activity two :
Complete the phonetic transcription of the words with the sounds
/ i / or / e /.

 (6)                                                    (7)


You see / write
You say
You see / write
You say

- sweets
-kiwis
-beans
-bitter
-figs
-protein
-tea
-wheat
/ s. w t s /
/ k .w. z /
/ b .n z /
/ b .t_ /
/ f .g z /
/ pro ut. n/
/ t ./
/ w. t /
-apricots
-berries
- peaches
-juicy
-meat
-milk
-steam
-tasty
/ eipr. Kots /
/ b e r. z /
/ p .t_ z /
/ d u: s. /
/ m .t /
/ m .l k /
/ s t .m /
/ t e i s t./


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أضخم مجموعة دروس تعلم اللغة الفرنسية (نصية,صوتية,مرئية)

أضخم مجموعة دروس تعلم اللغة الفرنسية (نصية,صوتية,مرئية)


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