Ford Model T
Ford Model T
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Ford Model T | |
|---|---|
1919 Ford Model T Coupe
| |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Ford Motor Company |
| Production | 1908–1927 |
| Assembly |
|
| Designer | Henry Ford, Childe Harold Wills,Joseph A. Galamb and Eugene Farkas |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Full-size Ford, economy car |
| Body style |
|
| Layout | FR layout |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 177 C.I.D. (2.9 L) 20 hp I4 |
| Transmission | 2-speed planetary gear |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 100.0 in (2,540 mm) |
| Length | 134 in (3,404 mm) |
| Curb weight | 1,200 pounds (540 kg) |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Ford Model S |
| Successor | Ford Model A |
The Ford Model T (colloquially known as the Tin Lizzie, T‑Model Ford, Model T, or T) is an automobile that was produced by Ford Motor Company from October 1, 1908, to May 26, 1927.[6][7] It is generally regarded as the first affordable automobile, the car that opened travel to the common middle-class American; some of this was because of Ford's efficient fabrication, including assembly line production instead of individual hand crafting.[8]
The Ford Model T was named the most influential car of the 20th century in the 1999 Car of the Century competition, ahead of the BMC Mini, Citroën DS, and Volkswagen Type 1.[9] With 16.5 million sold it stands eighth on the top ten list of most sold cars of all time as of 2012.[10] Relative to the total number of cars of all models manufactured during its production run, the Model T's sales far outstrip the others on the list.
Although automobiles had already existed for decades, they were still mostly scarce and expensive at the Model T's introduction in 1908. Positioned as reliable, easily maintained mass market transportation, it was a runaway success. In a matter of days after the release, 15,000 orders were placed.[11] The first production Model T was produced on August 12, 1908[12] and left the factory on September 27, 1908, at the Ford Piquette Avenue Plant in Detroit, Michigan. On May 26, 1927, Henry Ford watched the 15 millionth Model T Ford roll off the assembly line at his factory in Highland Park, Michigan.[13]
There were several cars produced or prototyped by Henry Ford from the founding of the company in 1903 until the Model T was introduced. Although he started with the Model A, there were not 19 production models (A through T); some were only prototypes. The production model immediately before the Model T was the Model S,[14] an upgraded version of the company's largest success to that point, the Model N. The follow-up was the Ford Model A (rather than any Model U). The company publicity said this was because the new car was such a departure from the old that Henry wanted to start all over again with the letter A.
The Model T was Ford's first automobile mass-produced on moving assembly lines with completely interchangeable parts, marketed to the middle class.[15] Henry Ford said of the vehicle:
Although credit for the development of the assembly line belongs to Ransom E. Olds with the first mass-produced automobile, the Oldsmobile Curved Dash, beginning in 1901, the tremendous advancements in the efficiency of the system over the life of the Model T can be credited almost entirely to the vision of Ford and his engineers.[17]
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