Thailand
"Siam" redirects here. For other uses, see Siam (disambiguation).
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| Kingdom of Thailand
ราชอาณาจักรไทย
Ratcha-anachak Thai | ||||||
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| Motto: ชาติ ศาสนา พระมหากษัตริย์ (Thai) Chat, Satsana, Phra Maha Kasat "Nation, Religion, King" | ||||||
| Anthem: Phleng Chat Thai (English: "Thai National Anthem") Royal anthem: Sansoen Phra Barami (English: "Thai Royal Anthem") | ||||||
![Location of Thailand (green)in ASEAN (dark grey) – [Legend]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Location_Thailand_ASEAN.svg) | ||||||
_-_THA_-_UNOCHA.svg) | ||||||
| Capital and largest city | Bangkok 13°45′N 100°29′E | |||||
| Official languages | Thai[1] | |||||
| Ethnic groups (2009[5]) |
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| Religion | Buddhism | |||||
| Demonym | Thai Siamese (archaic) | |||||
| Government | Constitutional monarchy undermilitary junta | |||||
| • | Monarch | Bhumibol Adulyadej | ||||
| • | Prime Minister | Prayut Chan-o-cha | ||||
| Legislature | National Assembly(Dissolved since 2014) | |||||
| Formation | ||||||
| • | Sukhothai Kingdom | 1238–1448 | ||||
| • | Ayutthaya Kingdom | 1351–1767 | ||||
| • | Thonburi Kingdom | 1768–1782 | ||||
| • | Rattanakosin Kingdom | 6 April 1782 | ||||
| • | Constitutional monarchy | 24 June 1932 | ||||
| • | Current constitution | 22 May 2014[6] | ||||
| Area | ||||||
| • | Total | 513,120 km2 (51st) 198,115 sq mi | ||||
| • | Water (%) | 0.4 (2,230 km2) | ||||
| Population | ||||||
| • | 2015 estimate | 67,959,000[7] (20th) | ||||
| • | 2010 census | 64,785,909[8] | ||||
| • | Density | 132.1/km2 (88th) 342/sq mi | ||||
| GDP (PPP) | 2016 estimate | |||||
| • | Total | US$1.152 trillion[9] | ||||
| • | Per capita | US$16,706[9] | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2016 estimate | |||||
| • | Total | US$409.724 billion[9] | ||||
| • | Per capita | US$5,938[9] | ||||
| Gini (2010) | 39.4[10] medium | |||||
| HDI (2014) |  0.726[11]high · 93rd | |||||
| Currency | Baht (฿) (THB) | |||||
| Time zone | ICT (UTC+7) | |||||
| Drives on the | left | |||||
| Calling code | +66 | |||||
| ISO 3166 code | TH | |||||
| Internet TLD | ||||||
Thailand (/ˈtaɪlænd/ ty-land or /ˈtaɪlənd/ ty-lənd;[12] Thai: ประเทศไทย, Paiboon transliteration: "bprà-têet tai", rtgs: Prathet Thai); IPA: [pra(ʔ)˨˩.tʰeːt̚˥˩ tʰaj˧] (
listen), officially the Kingdom of Thailand (Thai: ราชอาณาจักรไทย, Paiboon transliteration: "raa-chá aa-naa-jàk tai", rtgs: Ratcha-anachak Thai; IPA: [raː˧.t͡ɕʰa(ʔ)˦˥ ʔaː˧.naː˧.t͡ɕak̚˨˩ tʰaj˧] ( listen)), formerly known as Siam (Thai: สยาม; rtgs: Sayam), is a country at the centre of the Indochinese peninsula in Mainland Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Myanmar and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by theAndaman Sea and the southern extremity of Myanmar. Its maritime boundaries include Vietnam in the Gulf of Thailand to the southeast, and Indonesia and India on the Andaman Sea to the southwest.
listen), officially the Kingdom of Thailand (Thai: ราชอาณาจักรไทย, Paiboon transliteration: "raa-chá aa-naa-jàk tai", rtgs: Ratcha-anachak Thai; IPA: [raː˧.t͡ɕʰa(ʔ)˦˥ ʔaː˧.naː˧.t͡ɕak̚˨˩ tʰaj˧] ( listen)), formerly known as Siam (Thai: สยาม; rtgs: Sayam), is a country at the centre of the Indochinese peninsula in Mainland Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Myanmar and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by theAndaman Sea and the southern extremity of Myanmar. Its maritime boundaries include Vietnam in the Gulf of Thailand to the southeast, and Indonesia and India on the Andaman Sea to the southwest.
Thailand is governed by the National Council for Peace and Order that took power in the May 2014 coup d'état.[13] Its monarchy is headed by King Bhumibol Adulyadej, who has reigned since 1946 as Rama IX, as he is the ninth monarch of the Chakri Dynasty. He is currently the world's longest-serving head of state and the country's longest-reigning monarch;[14] he has reigned for 70 years, 16 days.
With a total area of approximately 513,000 km2 (198,000 sq mi), Thailand is the world's 51st-largest country. It is the 20th-most-populous country in the world, with around 66 million people. The capital and largest city is Bangkok, which is Thailand's political, commercial, industrial, and cultural hub. About 75–95% of the population is ethnically Tai, which includes four major regional groups: central Thai, northeastern Thai (Khon [Lao] Isan),[2] northern Thai (Khon Mueang); and southern Thai. Thai Chinese, those of significant Chinese heritage, are 14% of the population,[5] while Thais with partial Chinese ancestry comprise up to 40% of the population.[15] Thai Malays represent 3% of the population, with the remainder consisting of Mons, Khmers and various "hill tribes". The country's official language is Thai and the primary religion is Theravada Buddhism, which is practised by around 95% of the population.
Thailand experienced rapid economic growth between 1985 and 1996, becoming a newly industrialised country and a major exporter. Manufacturing, agriculture, and tourism are leading sectors of the economy.[16][17]Among the ten ASEAN countries, Thailand ranks third in quality of life.[11] and the country's HDI is rated as "high". Its large population and growing economic influence have made it a middle power in the region and around the world.[18]
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